Heavy industries in Malaysia are subject to strict regulations and guidelines to ensure their impact on the environment and surrounding communities is minimized. The siting of heavy industries is limited to designated industrial estates or zones, with buffer zones in place to separate them from residential areas, livestock and agricultural farms, recreation areas, and tourist destinations. A minimum distance of 500 meters from the industry fence to the nearest residential area is required, as determined by the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report.

Heavy industries have the potential to emit large amounts of gaseous pollutants and may require detailed engineering design, control mechanisms, and mitigation measures to comply with the Environmental Quality (Clean Air) Regulation 1978. Stack heights are determined by detailed air quality modelling and simulations within the EIA report.

Heavy industries may also use radioactive materials and generate scheduled wastes that are toxic and hazardous. Pollution control technology, design solutions, and mitigation measures must meet the necessary approvals. If the generated scheduled wastes exceed the levels recommended in the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulation (Amendment) 2007, they cannot be treated on-site and must be disposed of off-site.

If you are unsure whether your manufacturing/business activities fall under Light Industry, Medium Industry or Heavy Industry, you may check with the Department of Environment (DOE) for clarification.

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